如何在Oracle中使用Java存儲過程(詳解)
其實(shí),這篇短文,我早就應(yīng)該寫了。因?yàn)?,Java存儲過程今后在各大數(shù)據(jù)庫廠商中越來越流行,功能也越來越強(qiáng)大。這里以O(shè)racle為例,介紹一下java存儲過程的具體用法。
一、如何創(chuàng)建java存儲過程?
通常有三種方法來創(chuàng)建java存儲過程。
1. 使用oracle的sql語句來創(chuàng)建:
e.g. 使用create or replace and compile java source named "<name>" as
后邊跟上java源程序。要求類的方法必須是public static的,才能用于存儲過程。
- SQL> create or replace and compile java source named "javademo1"
 - 2 as
 - 3 import java.sql.*;
 - 4 public class JavaDemo1
 - 5 {
 - 6 public static void main(String[] argv)
 - 7 {
 - 8 System.out.println("hello, java demo1");
 - 9 }
 - 10 }
 - 11 /
 - Java 已創(chuàng)建。
 - SQL> show errors java source "javademo1"
 - 沒有錯誤。
 - SQL> create or replace procedure javademo1
 - 2 as
 - 3 language java name 'JavaDemo1.main(java.lang.String[])';
 - 4 /
 - 過程已創(chuàng)建。
 - SQL> set serveroutput on
 - SQL> call javademo1();
 - 調(diào)用完成。
 - SQL> call dbms_java.set_output(5000);
 - 調(diào)用完成。
 - SQL> call javademo1();
 - hello, java demo1
 - 調(diào)用完成。
 - SQL> call javademo1();
 - hello, java demo1
 - 調(diào)用完成。
 
2. 使用外部class文件來裝載創(chuàng)建
e.g. 這里既然用到了外部文件,必然要將class文件放到oracle Server的某一目錄下邊。
- public class OracleJavaProc
 - {
 - public static void main(String[] argv)
 - {
 - System.out.println("It's a Java Oracle procedure.");
 - }
 - }
 - SQL> grant create any directory to scott;
 - 授權(quán)成功。
 - SQL> conn scott/tiger@iihero.oracledb
 - 已連接。
 - SQL> create or replace directory test_dir as 'd:/oracle';
 - 目錄已創(chuàng)建。
 - SQL> create or replace java class using bfile(test_dir, 'OracleJavaProc.CLASS')
 - 2 /
 - Java 已創(chuàng)建。
 - SQL> create or replace procedure testjavaproc as language java name 'OracleJavaProc.main(java.lang.String[])';
 - 2 /
 - 過程已創(chuàng)建。
 - SQL> call testjavaproc();
 - 調(diào)用完成。
 - SQL> execute testjavaproc;
 - PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。
 - SQL> set serveroutput on size 5000
 - SQL> call dbms_java.set_output(5000);
 - 調(diào)用完成。
 - SQL> execute testjavaproc;
 - It's a Java Oracle procedure.
 
3. 我推薦的一種方法,直接使用loadjava命令遠(yuǎn)程裝載并創(chuàng)建。
先創(chuàng)建一個類, e.g.
- import java.sql.*;
 - import oracle.jdbc.*;
 - public class OracleJavaProc {
 - //Add a salgrade to the database.
 - public static void addSalGrade(int grade, int losal, int hisal) {
 - System.out.println("Creating new salgrade for EMPLOYEE...");
 - try {
 - Connection conn =
 - DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:default:connection:");
 - String sql =
 - "INSERT INTO salgrade " +
 - "(GRADE,LOSAL,HISAL) " +
 - "VALUES(?,?,?)";
 - PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
 - pstmt.setInt(1,grade);
 - pstmt.setInt(2,losal);
 - pstmt.setInt(3,hisal);
 - pstmt.executeUpdate();
 - pstmt.close();
 - }
 - catch(SQLException e) {
 - System.err.println("ERROR! Adding Salgrade: "
 - + e.getMessage());
 - }
 - }
 - }
 
使用loadjava命令將其裝載到服務(wù)器端并編譯:
- D:eclipse3.1workspacedbtest>loadjava -u scott/tiger@iihero.oracledb -v -resolve Or
 - acleJavaProc.java
 - arguments: '-u' 'scott/tiger@iihero.oracledb '-v' '-resolve' 'OracleJavaProc.java'
 - creating : source OracleJavaProc
 - loading : source OracleJavaProc
 - resolving: source OracleJavaProc
 
查詢一下狀態(tài):
- 連接到:
 - Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
 - With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
 - JServer Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
 - SQL> SELECT object_name, object_type, status FROM user_objects WHERE object_type LIKE 'JAVA%';
 - OBJECT_NAME
 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 - OBJECT_TYPE STATUS
 - ------------------------------------ --------------
 - OracleJavaProc
 - JAVA CLASS VALID
 - OracleJavaProc
 - JAVA SOURCE VALID
 
測試一下存儲過程:
- SQL> create or replace procedure add_salgrade(id number, losal number, hisal num
 - ber) as language java name 'OracleJavaProc.addSalGrade(int, int, int)';
 - 2 /
 - 過程已創(chuàng)建。
 - SQL> set serveroutput on size 2000
 - SQL> call dbms_java.set_output(2000);
 - 調(diào)用完成。
 - SQL> execute add_salgrade(6, 10000, 15000);
 - Creating new salgrade for EMPLOYEE...
 - PL/SQL 過程已成功完成。
 - SQL> select * from salgrade where grade=6;
 - GRADE LOSAL HISAL
 - ---------- ---------- ----------
 - 6 10000 15000
 
二、如何更新你已經(jīng)編寫的java存儲過程?
假如要往類OracleJavaProc里添加一個存儲過程方法,如何開發(fā)?
正確的步驟應(yīng)該是先dropjava, 改程序,再loadjava。
e.g.修改OracleJavaProc類內(nèi)容如下:
- import java.sql.*;
 - import oracle.jdbc.*;
 - public class OracleJavaProc {
 - // Add a salgrade to the database.
 - public static void addSalGrade(int grade, int losal, int hisal) {
 - System.out.println("Creating new salgrade for EMPLOYEE...");
 - try {
 - Connection conn =
 - DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:default:connection:");
 - String sql =
 - "INSERT INTO salgrade " +
 - "(GRADE,LOSAL,HISAL) " +
 - "VALUES(?,?,?)";
 - PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
 - pstmt.setInt(1,grade);
 - pstmt.setInt(2,losal);
 - pstmt.setInt(3,hisal);
 - pstmt.executeUpdate();
 - pstmt.close();
 - }
 - catch(SQLException e) {
 - System.err.println("ERROR! Adding Salgrade: "
 - + e.getMessage());
 - }
 - }
 - public static int getHiSal(int grade)
 - {
 - try {
 - Connection conn =
 - DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:default:connection:");
 - String sql = "SELECT hisal FROM salgrade WHERE grade = ?";
 - PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);pstmt.setInt(1, grade);
 - ResultSet rset = pstmt.executeQuery();
 - int res = 0;
 - if (rset.next())
 - {
 - res = rset.getInt(1);
 - }
 - rset.close();
 - return res;
 - }
 - catch (SQLException e)
 - {
 - System.err.println("ERROR! Querying Salgrade: "
 - + e.getMessage());
 - return -1;
 - }
 - }
 - }
 
如何更新呢?
- D:eclipse3.1workspacedbtest>dropjava -u scott -v OracleJavaProc
 - D:/tiger@iihero.oracledbeclipse3.1workspacedbtest>loadjava -u scott -v -resolve Or
 - acleJavaProc/tiger@iihero.oracledb.java
 - arguments: '-u' 'scott/tiger@iihero.oracledb' '-v' '-resolve' 'OracleJavaProc.java'
 - creating : source OracleJavaProc
 - loading : source OracleJavaProc
 - resolving: source OracleJavaProc
 
后邊的應(yīng)用示例:
- SQL> create or replace function query_hisal(grade number) return number as langu
 - age java name 'OracleJavaProc.getHiSal(int) return int';
 - 2 /
 - 函數(shù)已創(chuàng)建。
 - SQL> set serveroutput on size 2000
 - SQL> call dbms_java.set_output(2000);
 - 調(diào)用完成。
 - SQL> select query_hisal(5) from dual;
 - QUERY_HISAL(5)
 - --------------
 - 9999
 
全文完!
用法個人見解:不要手動drop java source, 不要手動drop procedure。
原文鏈接:http://blog.csdn.net/iihero/article/details/2149547
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