Qt串口回路信號讀取多線程14串口測試方案
QSerialPort串口
一、思路
串口測試分為三種:
- 回路測試
 - 對傳
 - 485模式,可以傳輸更遠的距離
 
二、環(huán)境
- Qt 6.4.3
 - Qt serial port模塊
 - Qt Creator 11.0.1
 
三、添加QSerialPort
- 打開Qt mataintenanceTool
 - 登錄
 - 添加/移動組件,點擊下一步
 

- 主要是選擇Qt Serial Bus, Qt Serial Port
 - 點擊下一步
 - 點擊更新即可
 
四、語句介紹
1.數(shù)據(jù)控制流
數(shù)據(jù)控制流 USART_HardwareFlowControl ,控制流,這里的流指數(shù)據(jù)流,在數(shù)據(jù)傳輸中,流控制室管理兩個節(jié)點之間數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率過程,以防止出現(xiàn)接收端的數(shù)據(jù)緩存區(qū)已滿,而發(fā)送端依然繼續(xù)發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù),所以導致數(shù)據(jù)丟失。
(1) 工作原理
當接受端的數(shù)據(jù)緩沖區(qū)已滿,無法處理數(shù)據(jù)來時,就發(fā)出不再接受的信號,發(fā)送端則停止發(fā)送,直到發(fā)送端收到可以繼續(xù)發(fā)送的信號再發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù),常見的硬件控制流和軟件控制流
(2) 硬件控制流

硬件控制流
RTS和CTS原本是用來詢問和回答是否可以傳輸數(shù)據(jù)。在上面的連接上,就是告訴對方自己子否可以進行通訊,此時RTS和DTR都可以用來對數(shù)據(jù)流進行控制。
A端DTR(數(shù)據(jù)設備就緒)發(fā)出信號,當B端準備好后,B端的DTR(數(shù)據(jù)設備就緒)向A端的DSR(通訊設備就緒發(fā)送信號),然后就可以通過RTS(請求發(fā)送)和DTR(允許發(fā)送)來控制通信。
硬件控制流并不是單純依賴硬件,它仍然需要軟件去處理識別,硬件控制流所做的只是給出信號電平。
(3) 軟件控制流
軟件流控制(Software flow control)是在計算機數(shù)據(jù)鏈路中的一種控制方法,特別適合于RS-232串口通信;它是采用特殊字符來船速帶內(nèi)信令,特殊編碼字符稱作XOFF與XON(分別表示transmit off與transmit on)。因此也被稱作XON/XOFF流控制
使用ASCII字符集,XOFF一般為字節(jié)值19(十進制),XON為字節(jié)值17
(4) 工作方式
注意:是接收方把XON/XOFF信號發(fā)給發(fā)送方來控制發(fā)送方何時發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù),這些信號是與發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸方向相反的。
接收方利用XON信號告訴發(fā)送方,我已經(jīng)準備好接受更多的數(shù)據(jù)了,利用XOFF信號告訴發(fā)送方停止發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù),直到接收方發(fā)送XON信號告訴發(fā)送方我再次準備好了。
(5) 設置控制流模式
setFlowControl 函數(shù):
// setFlowControl對端口控制進行相關設置 無流量控制
serial->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);- NoFlowControl:沒有控制
 - hardware flow control :硬件流控制 (RTS/CTS,DTR /DSR等)
 - Software flow control :軟件流控制 (XON/XOFF)
 

設置控制流
2.設置端口
設置端口的名稱,此名字可以使用短名稱或者長系統(tǒng)地址。
void QSerialPort::setPortName(const QString &name)3.波特率
輸出傳輸?shù)乃俾?,每秒傳輸?shù)谋忍財?shù)。
enum QSerialPort::BaudRate
    
/// 可以選擇的內(nèi)容為Constant  | Value  | Description  | 
QSerialPort::Baud1200  | 1200  | 1200 baud.  | 
QSerialPort::Baud2400  | 2400  | 2400 baud.  | 
QSerialPort::Baud4800  | 4800  | 4800 baud.  | 
QSerialPort::Baud9600  | 9600  | 9600 baud.  | 
QSerialPort::Baud19200  | 19200  | 19200 baud.  | 
QSerialPort::Baud38400  | 38400  | 38400 baud.  | 
QSerialPort::Baud57600  | 57600  | 57600 baud.  | 
QSerialPort::Baud115200  | 115200  | 115200 baud.  | 
4.數(shù)據(jù)位
設置數(shù)據(jù)位并保存到幀中,如果設置成功,則返回true,否則返回false,并設置一個錯誤代碼,可以通過訪問QSerialPort::error屬性的值來獲取該代碼。
如果在打開端口之前設置了該設置,則實際的串行端口設置將在QSerialPort::open()方法中自動完成,然后端口打開成功。
bool setDataBits(DataBits dataBits);
DataBits dataBits() const;
數(shù)據(jù)位
5.奇偶校驗位

奇偶校驗位
bool setParity(Parity parity);
Parity parity() const;6.設置停止位

停止位
bool setStopBits(StopBits stopBits);
StopBits stopBits() const;7.發(fā)送方式
Hex 16進制,本質上就是將字節(jié)數(shù)數(shù)組轉化為16進制,然后用字符串的形式發(fā)送出去。
五、對于ui參數(shù)隨數(shù)字變化如何設置
int p = 1;
foreach(const QSerialPortInfo &info,QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())
{
    PortStringList += info.portName();
    ui->port->addItem(info.portName());
    // 構造對象名
    QString objectName = QString("comlist%1").arg(p);
    // 查找對象
    QLineEdit *comlist = this->findChild<QLineEdit *>(objectName);
    if(comlist) {
        comlist->setText(info.portName());
    }
    p++;
}六、字符串截取
QString snap = QString("COM");
int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();七、源代碼
linux與windows端通用多線程串口,可同時檢測14個串口。
1.Com_Test.pro
QT       += core gui
QT       += serialport
greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets
CONFIG += c++17
# You can make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0
SOURCES += \
    comthread.cpp \
    main.cpp \
    mainwindow.cpp
HEADERS += \
    comthread.h \
    mainwindow.h
FORMS += \
    mainwindow.ui
# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target2.comthread.h
#ifndef COMTHREAD_H
#define COMTHREAD_H
#include <QObject>
#include <QSerialPort>
#include <QSerialPortInfo>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QThread>
class ComThread :public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit ComThread(QObject *parent = nullptr);
    explicit ComThread(QString portname,qint32 rate,qint32 date,qint32 check_num,qint32 stop_num);
    explicit ComThread(qint32 rate,qint32 date,qint32 check_num,qint32 stop_num);
    explicit ComThread(QString portname);
    // 拷貝構造函數(shù)
    explicit ComThread(const ComThread &other);
    ComThread& operator = (const ComThread &other)
    {
        qDebug()<<"進入拷貝";
        if(this != &other)
        {
            qDebug()<<"進入拷貝賦值";
            this->m_com = other.m_com;
            this->mSerialPort = other.mSerialPort;
            this->m_check_num = other.m_check_num;
            this->m_date = other.m_date;
            this->m_rate = other.m_rate;
            this->m_stop_num = other.m_stop_num;
            qDebug()<<"賦值結束";
        }
        qDebug()<<"返回值";
        return *this;
    }
    ~ ComThread();
public slots:
    // 接受傳入的串口數(shù)據(jù)
    void slot_recv_com(QString portname,qint32 rate,qint32 date,qint32 check_num,qint32 stop_num);
    void slot_recv_com_s(qint32 rate,qint32 date,qint32 check_num,qint32 stop_num);
    void slot_recv_com_name(QString portname);
    // 對應主線程的信號,需要的槽函數(shù)
    // 1,打開串口槽函數(shù)
    // 2,關閉串口槽函數(shù)
    void slot_openPort();
    void slot_closePort();
    void slot_handlMessage();
    void serial_signal();
private:
    QSerialPort* mSerialPort;
    QString m_com;
    qint32 m_rate;
    qint32 m_date;
    qint32 m_check_num;
    qint32 m_stop_num;
    QByteArray  Receivetext;
signals:
    // 發(fā)送信號
    // 發(fā)送字節(jié)
    void already_send_byte(QString com ,qint32 num);
    // 發(fā)送接受字節(jié)
    void already_receive_byte(QString com ,qint32 num);
    // 發(fā)送是否成功
    void result(QString com ,qint32 num);  // 0代表失敗 1,代表成功
    // 發(fā)送接受字符串
    void already_receive_string(QString com ,QString string);
    void send_com_signal(QString com,bool DTRstate,bool DCDstate,bool DSRstate,bool RINGRstate,bool RTSstate,bool CTSstate,bool STDstate,bool SRDstate);
};
#endif // COMTHREAD_H3.comthread.cpp
#include "comthread.h"
ComThread::ComThread(QObject *parent)
    : QObject{parent}
{
    //    mSerialPort = nullptr;
}
ComThread::ComThread(QString portname)
{
    m_com = portname;
}
ComThread::ComThread(const ComThread &other)
{
//    qDebug()<<"進入賦值拷貝";
    this->m_com = other.m_com;
    this->mSerialPort = other.mSerialPort;
    this->m_check_num = other.m_check_num;
    this->m_date = other.m_date;
    this->m_rate = other.m_rate;
    this->m_stop_num = other.m_stop_num;
}
ComThread::ComThread(QString portname, qint32 rate,qint32 date,qint32 check_num,qint32 stop_num)
{
    m_com = portname;
    m_rate = rate;
    m_date = date;
    m_check_num = check_num;
    m_check_num = stop_num;
}
ComThread::ComThread(qint32 rate, qint32 date, qint32 check_num, qint32 stop_num)
{
    m_rate = rate;
    m_date = date;
    m_check_num = check_num;
    m_check_num = stop_num;
}
ComThread::~ComThread()
{
    if(mSerialPort->isOpen())
    {
        mSerialPort->close();
    }
    delete mSerialPort;
}
void ComThread::slot_recv_com(QString portname, qint32 rate, qint32 date, qint32 check_num, qint32 stop_num)
{
    m_com = portname;
    m_rate = rate;
    m_date = date;
    m_check_num = check_num;
    m_stop_num = stop_num;
}
void ComThread::slot_recv_com_s(qint32 rate, qint32 date, qint32 check_num, qint32 stop_num)
{
    m_rate = rate;
    m_date = date;
    m_check_num = check_num;
    m_stop_num = stop_num;
}
void ComThread::slot_recv_com_name(QString portname)
{
    m_com = portname;
}
void ComThread::slot_openPort()
{
    mSerialPort = new QSerialPort();
   //  qDebug()<<" "<< m_com<<" "<<m_rate<<" "<<m_date<<" "<<m_check_num<<" "<<m_stop_num;
    // 設置串口對應的名稱和波特率
    mSerialPort->setPortName(m_com);
    mSerialPort->setBaudRate(m_rate);
    switch(m_date)
    {
        //設置對應的數(shù)據(jù)位
        case5:mSerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data5);break;
        case6:mSerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data6);break;
        case7:mSerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data7);break;
        case8:mSerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8);break;
        // 若剛開始設置為空,端口打開之后再次進行相關的設置
        // 若沒有選擇就不設置,端口打開之后仍可以設置
        //default:serial->setDataBits(QSerialPort::UnknownDataBits);
    }
    switch(m_check_num)
    {
        case0:mSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity);break;
        case1:mSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::EvenParity);break;
        case2:mSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::OddParity);break;
        case3:mSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::SpaceParity);break;
        case4:mSerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::MarkParity);break;
            //default:serial->setParity(QSerialPort::UnknownParity);
    }
    switch(m_stop_num)
    {
        case0:mSerialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneStop);break;
        case1:mSerialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneAndHalfStop);break;
        case2:mSerialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::TwoStop);break;
        //default:serial->setStopBits(QSerialPort::UnknownStopBits);
    }
    // 關聯(lián)讀取信號與槽函數(shù),處理信息
    mSerialPort->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);
    connect(mSerialPort,&QSerialPort::readyRead,this,&ComThread::slot_handlMessage);
    qDebug()<<"ComThread slot_openport ThreadID"<< QThread::currentThreadId();
    if(mSerialPort->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
    {
        this->serial_signal();
        // 發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
        for(int i = 0;i<5;i++)
        {
            QString realbom = QString("RealReal");
            QByteArray send = realbom.toUtf8();
            // qDebug()<<send<<"Byte大小:"<<send.length();
            mSerialPort->write(send);
            emit already_send_byte(m_com,send.length());
            // QThread::msleep(1000);
            mSerialPort->waitForReadyRead(10); // 接受數(shù)據(jù)
        }
        // qDebug()<<"發(fā)送完畢";
        // mSerialPort->waitForReadyRead(100); // 接受數(shù)據(jù)
        this->slot_closePort();
    }
    else
    {
        //  qDebug()<<"return false";
        // 關閉信號
        emit result(m_com,0);
    };
    if(Receivetext.size() == 0)
    {
        //完全沒有接收到數(shù)據(jù)
        emit result(m_com,0);
    }
}
void ComThread::slot_closePort()
{
    if(mSerialPort->isOpen())
    {
        mSerialPort->close();
    }
}
void ComThread::slot_handlMessage()
{
    qDebug()<<"調用了此信號";
    // mSerialPort->waitForBytesWritten(100);
    Receivetext = mSerialPort->readAll();
    // qDebug()<<"接收:"<<QString::fromUtf8(Receivetext)<<"Byte大小:"<<Receivetext.length();
    emit already_receive_byte(m_com,Receivetext.length());
    emit already_receive_string(m_com,QString::fromUtf8(Receivetext));
    if(Receivetext == QString("RealReal") && Receivetext.length() == 7)
    {
        emit result(m_com,1);
    }
    else
    {
        emit result(m_com,0);
    }
}
void ComThread::serial_signal()
{
    // 獲取相關高低電壓值No
    // bool NOstate = serial->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::NoSignal; // 沒有信號
    // 數(shù)據(jù)終端準備好
    bool DTRstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::DataTerminalReadySignal;
    // 載波信號
    bool DCDstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::DataCarrierDetectSignal;
    // 數(shù)據(jù)準備好
    bool DSRstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::DataSetReadySignal;
    //
    bool RINGRstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::RingIndicatorSignal;
    // 請求發(fā)送
    bool RTSstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::RequestToSendSignal;
    // 清除發(fā)送
    bool CTSstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::ClearToSendSignal;
    // 發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
    bool STDstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::SecondaryTransmittedDataSignal;
    // 接受數(shù)據(jù)
    bool SRDstate = mSerialPort->pinoutSignals()& QSerialPort::SecondaryReceivedDataSignal;
    emit send_com_signal(m_com,DTRstate,DCDstate,DSRstate,RINGRstate,RTSstate,CTSstate,STDstate,SRDstate);
    /*
    if(DTRstate)
    {
//        ui->DTR->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
        qDebug()<<"DTRstate";
    }
    if(DCDstate)
    {
//        ui->DCD->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
        qDebug()<<"DCDstate";
    }
    if(DSRstate)
    {
//        ui->DSR->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
        qDebug()<<"DSRstate";
    }
    if(RINGRstate)
    {
//        ui->PNG->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
        qDebug()<<"RINGRstate";
    }
    if(RTSstate)
    {
//        ui->RTS->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
         qDebug()<<"RTSstate";
    }
    if(CTSstate)
    {
//        ui->CTS->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
         qDebug()<<"CTSstate";
    }
    if(STDstate)
    {
//        ui->STD->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
         qDebug()<<"STDstate";
    }
    if(SRDstate)
    {
//        ui->SRD->setStyleSheet("background-color:red");
         qDebug()<<"SRDstate";
    }
*/
}4.mainwindow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include "comthread.h"
#include <QThread>
//#include <QThreadPool>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow :public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();
signals:
    void sig_recv_com(QString portname, qint32 rate, qint32 date, qint32 check_num, qint32 stop_num);
    void sig_recv_com_s(qint32 rate, qint32 date, qint32 check_num, qint32 stop_num);
    void sig_recv_com_name(QString portname);
    void sig_openPort();
    void sig_closePort();
public slots:
    // 接受子線程傳回的數(shù)據(jù)
    void slots_already_send_byte(QString com ,qint32 num);
    // 接受字節(jié)
    void slots_already_receive_byte(QString com ,qint32 num);
    // 是否成功
    void slots_result(QString com ,qint32 num);  // 0代表失敗 1,代表成功
    // 接受字符串
    void slots_already_receive_string(QString com ,QString string);
    // 接受引腳信號
    void send_com_signal(QString com,bool DTRstate,bool DCDstate,bool DSRstate,bool RINGRstate,bool RTSstate,bool CTSstate,bool STDstate,bool SRDstate);
private slots:
    void on_serial_test_clicked();
protected:
private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
    QStringList PortStringList; // 串口列表
//    QThreadPool *pool = QThreadPool::globalInstance();
    ComThread *comthread;
//    std::vector<ComThread> comthread;
    QThread *mthread;
    QString snap;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H5.mainwindow.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    //設計循環(huán),將數(shù)據(jù)放入list列表當中
    int p =1;
    foreach(const QSerialPortInfo &info,QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())
    {
        PortStringList += info.portName();
        ui->port->addItem(info.portName());
        // 構造對象名
        QString objectName = QString("comlist%1").arg(p);
        // 查找對象
        QLineEdit *comlist = this->findChild<QLineEdit *>(objectName);
        if(comlist) {
            comlist->setText(info.portName());
        }
        p++;
    }
    //設置UI頁面的默認Index
    ui->bo_num->setCurrentIndex(5);
    ui->data_num->setCurrentIndex(3);
    ui->check_num->setCurrentIndex(2);
    ui->stop_num->setCurrentIndex(0);
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
    if(mthread->isRunning())
    {
        mthread->quit();
        mthread->wait();
        delete[] mthread;
//        delete[] comthread;
    }
}
void MainWindow::slots_already_send_byte(QString com, int num)
{
    int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();
    QString objectname = QString("send_byte_") + QString::number(com_num);
    QLabel *label = this->findChild<QLabel *>(objectname);
    if(label)
    {
        label->setText(QString::number(num));
    }
    qDebug()<<com<<"已發(fā)送"<<num;
}
void MainWindow::slots_already_receive_byte(QString com, int num)
{
    int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();
    QString objectname = QString("recv_byte_") + QString::number(com_num);
    QLabel *label = this->findChild<QLabel *>(objectname);
    if(label)
    {
        label->setText(QString::number(num));
    }
    qDebug()<<com<<"已接收"<<num;
}
void MainWindow::slots_result(QString com, int num)
{
    int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();
    QString objectname = QString("list_result_") + QString::number(com_num);
    QPushButton *button = this->findChild<QPushButton *>(objectname);
    if(button)
    {
        if(1 == num)
        {
            button->setText("通過");
            button->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(27,167,132)");
        }
        else
        {
            button->setText("失敗");
            button->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(238, 72, 99)");
        }
    }
    qDebug()<<com<<"測試結果(0代表失敗 1,代表成功)"<<num;
}
void MainWindow::slots_already_receive_string(QString com, QString string)
{
    int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();
    QString objectname = QString("recv_date_") + QString::number(com_num);
    QLineEdit *Edit = this->findChild<QLineEdit *>(objectname);
    if(Edit)
    {
        Edit->setText(string);
    }
    qDebug()<<com<<"已接收字符串"<<string;
}
void MainWindow::send_com_signal(QString com, bool DTR, bool DCD, bool DSR, bool RNG, bool RTS, bool CTS, bool STD, bool SRD)
{
    int com_num = com.remove(snap).toInt();
    {
        if(DTR)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("DTR_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(DCD)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("DCD_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(DSR)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("DSR_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(RNG)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("RNG_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(RTS)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("RTS_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(CTS)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("CTS_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(STD)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("STD_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
        if(SRD)
        {
            QString objectname = QString("SRD_") + QString::number(com_num);
            QToolButton *ToolButton = this->findChild<QToolButton *>(objectname);
            if(ToolButton)
            {
                ToolButton->setStyleSheet("background-color:rgb(240, 124, 130)");
            }
        }
    }
    qDebug()<<"com"<<"DTRstate"<<"DCDstate"<<"DSRstate"<<"RINGRstate"<<"RTSstate"<<"CTSstate"<<"STDstate"<<"SRDstate";
    qDebug()<<com<<DTR<<DCD<<DSR<<RNG<<RTS<<CTS<<STD<<SRD;
}
// 點擊進入串口回路測試
void MainWindow::on_serial_test_clicked()
{
    // 判斷當前系統(tǒng)
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN
    snap = QString("COM");
#elif defined(Q_OS_LINUX)
    snap = QString("ttyS");
#endif
    int qserial_size = PortStringList.size();
    bool open_test[qserial_size];
    for (int i = 0; i < qserial_size; ++i) {
        open_test[i] = true;
    }
    // 獲取串口等信息
    QString Port = ui->port->currentText();
    qint32 rate = ui->bo_num->currentText().toInt();
    qint32 date = ui->data_num->currentText().toInt();
    qint32 check_num = ui->check_num->currentIndex();
    qint32 stop_num = ui->stop_num->currentIndex();
//    qDebug()<<"檢查位:"<<check_num<<"停止位:"<<stop_num;
    // TODO多com口同時測試  14個線程
    mthread = new QThread[qserial_size];
    /*
    // comthread = new ComThread(Port,rate,date,check_num,stop_num);
    // comthread = new ComThread[14](Port,rate,date,check_num,stop_num);
    // ComThread * comthread = new ComThread[PortStringList.size()];
//    comthread = new ComThread[qserial_size];
    // 為每個元素分配對應的端口,并初始化ComThread對象數(shù)組
//    for (int i = 0; i < qserial_size; ++i) {
//        comthread[i] = ComThread(PortStringList.at(i));
//    }
*/
/*
    for(int m = 0;m < qserial_size; m++)
    {
        // comthread[m] = ComThread(PortStringList.at(m));
//        comthread.emplace_back(ComThread(PortStringList.at(m)));
    }
    {
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(0)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(1)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(2)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(3)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(4)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(5)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(6)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(7)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(8)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(9)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(10)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(11)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(12)),
        ComThread(PortStringList.at(13)),
    };
*/
    int i = 0;
    foreach(QString com_e,PortStringList)
    {
        ComThread *comthread = new ComThread(com_e);
        // qDebug()<<com_e;
        // 移入線程
//        comthread[i].moveToThread(&mthread[i]);
        comthread->moveToThread(&mthread[i]);
        mthread[i].start();
        //關聯(lián)信號
        if(open_test[i])
        {
//            connect(this,&MainWindow::sig_openPort,&comthread[i],&ComThread::slot_openPort);
//            connect(this,&MainWindow::sig_recv_com_s,&comthread[i],&ComThread::slot_recv_com_s);
            connect(this,&MainWindow::sig_openPort,comthread,&ComThread::slot_openPort);
            connect(this,&MainWindow::sig_recv_com_s,comthread,&ComThread::slot_recv_com_s);
            // 關聯(lián)返回信號
            connect(comthread,&ComThread::already_receive_byte,this,&MainWindow::slots_already_receive_byte);
            connect(comthread,&ComThread::already_receive_string,this,&MainWindow::slots_already_receive_string);
            connect(comthread,&ComThread::already_send_byte,this,&MainWindow::slots_already_send_byte);
            connect(comthread,&ComThread::result,this,&MainWindow::slots_result);
            connect(comthread,&ComThread::send_com_signal,this,&MainWindow::send_com_signal);
            open_test[i] = false;
        }
        qDebug()<<"main ThreaiD:"<<QThread::currentThreadId();
        emit sig_recv_com_s(rate,date,check_num,stop_num);
        emit sig_openPort();
//        pool->start(comthread);
        {
            // 取消單個信號對所有串口的信號連接
//            disconnect(this,&MainWindow::sig_openPort,&comthread[i],&ComThread::slot_openPort);
//            disconnect(this,&MainWindow::sig_recv_com_s,&comthread[i],&ComThread::slot_recv_com_s);
            disconnect(this,&MainWindow::sig_openPort,comthread,&ComThread::slot_openPort);
            disconnect(this,&MainWindow::sig_recv_com_s,comthread,&ComThread::slot_recv_com_s);
        }
        i++;
        // pool->waitForDone();
        //
        qDebug()<<"執(zhí)行結束";
//        QThread::sleep(1);
        // mthread->quit();
        // mthread[0].isFinished();
    }
    // 循環(huán)結束線程
    for(int j = 0;j<PortStringList.size();j++)
    {
        if(mthread[j].isFinished())
        {
            // qDebug()<<"quit"<<j;
            mthread[j].quit();
            mthread[j].wait();
        }
        else
        {
            // qDebug()<<"wait"<<j;
            mthread[j].quit();
            mthread[j].wait();
        }
    }
//    delete [] mthread;
}6.main.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QApplication>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    MainWindow w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}八、問題解決
1.多線程中出現(xiàn)QObject: Cannot create children for a parent that is in a different thread
這個錯誤提示的實際意思是,不能在子線程中生成跨線程調用的成員。如果一個成員在父線程中被直接調用了,那么這個成員必須處在父線程中,強行在子線程中生成就會出現(xiàn)這個錯誤提示。
將在多線程中構造函數(shù)中new出來的變量,放到run中執(zhí)行,因為構造函數(shù)是在主線程完成初始化的,線程所屬于不同的線程,就會出現(xiàn)此類錯誤。
解決此問題的關鍵將線程放到一個地方,例如子線程中的對串口的new定義。
2.munmap_chunk(): invalid pointer解決方案線程池釋放,程序崩潰
程序分析:將程序線程池取消自動釋放,結果程序確實沒有發(fā)生崩潰,可以繼續(xù)運行,所以分析斷定,程序崩潰為線程池析構時的問題。
展示關閉線程自動銷毀功能,同時程序中多次使用。
解決方案:檢查程序結束,或者異常結束資源銷毀問題。
3.循環(huán)發(fā)送信息,并沒有收到數(shù)據(jù),而是最后一起收到數(shù)據(jù)
在發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)之后,加入waitForReadyRead(10);函數(shù),就會接受數(shù)據(jù),此函數(shù)功能為等待接受,與其說等待,其實立馬就接受了數(shù)據(jù)。否則在測試當中出現(xiàn)了五次循環(huán)結束,一同接受數(shù)據(jù)的情況。
for(int i = 0;i<5;i++)
{
    QString realbom = "realbom";
    QByteArray send = realbom.toUtf8();
    qDebug()<<send;
    mSerialPort->write(send);
//        QThread::sleep(1);
    mSerialPort->waitForReadyRead(10); // 接受數(shù)據(jù)
}4.接受數(shù)據(jù)和發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)格式不同,接受數(shù)據(jù)亂碼
- 查詢是否是串口參數(shù)配置問題。我的確實是此問題,當時確實是玩完沒有想到,設置默認值之后,就可以
 - 設置正確的編碼轉換關系
 
QByteArray send = realbom.toUtf8();
qDebug()<<send<<"Byte大小:"<<send.length();
mSerialPort->write(send);
QByteArray  Receivetext = mSerialPort->readAll();
qDebug()<<"接收:"<<QString::fromUtf8(Receivetext)<<"Byte大小:"<<Receivetext.length();














 
 
 
 
 
 
 