Spring Bean的作用域scope你知道多少?如何自定義作用域?
環(huán)境:spring5.3.3
1 Scope作用
通過@Scope注解可以指定Bean的作用域,默認情況都是單例的(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_SINGLETON=singleton)
在創(chuàng)建bean實例時就是根據(jù)當前定義BeanDefinition中的Scope來做不同的創(chuàng)建,源碼如下:
- protected <T> T doGetBean(
 - String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType, @Nullable Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
 - throws BeansException {
 - String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
 - Object bean;
 - // Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
 - Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
 - if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
 - // other code
 - } else {
 - // other code
 - try {
 - RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
 - checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
 - // Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
 - // other code
 - // Create bean instance.
 - // 根據(jù)BeanDefinition中定義的Scope創(chuàng)建實例
 - // 判斷如果是單例
 - if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
 - // 如果是單例Bean會將Bean保存到緩存中singletonObjects
 - sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
 - try {
 - return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
 - } catch (BeansException ex) {
 - destroySingleton(beanName);
 - throw ex;
 - }
 - });
 - bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
 - }
 - // 判斷如果是原型(多例)
 - else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
 - // It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
 - Object prototypeInstance = null;
 - try {
 - beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
 - prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
 - } finally {
 - afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
 - }
 - bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
 - }
 - else {
 - String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
 - if (!StringUtils.hasLength(scopeName)) {
 - throw new IllegalStateException("No scope name defined for bean 麓" + beanName + "'");
 - }
 - Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
 - // 當集合中也不存在時拋出異常
 - if (scope == null) {
 - throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
 - }
 - try {
 - Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
 - beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
 - try {
 - return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
 - } finally {
 - afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
 - }
 - });
 - bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
 - } catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
 - throw new BeanCreationException(beanName, "Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " + "defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton", ex);
 - }
 - }
 - } catch (BeansException ex) {
 - cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
 - throw ex;
 - }
 - }
 - // other code
 - return (T) bean;
 - }
 
從上面源碼看到分別判斷是了 是否是 Singleton及Proptotype,如果都不是則會從Map<String, Scope> scopes中獲取。如果當前你配置的@Scope不是singleton及prototype那么從scopes集合中?。ㄟ@個集合是通過AbstractBeanFactory#registerScope方法進行注冊的,一般我們可以通過
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor進行注冊),如果集合中也不存在那么就會拋出異常。如果存在就會執(zhí)行Scope#get方法
- Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
 - Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
 - beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
 - try {
 - return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
 - } finally {
 - afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
 - }
 - });
 
2 自定義Scope
自定義Scope
- public class CustomScope implements Scope {
 - private Object target ;
 - @Override
 - public Object get(String name, ObjectFactory<?> objectFactory) {
 - return target != null ? target : objectFactory.getObject() ;
 - }
 - // 如果調(diào)用了這個方法,那么下次在注入有@Scope("custom")的bean時 將會重寫調(diào)用objectFactory.getObject()方法。
 - @Override
 - public Object remove(String name) {
 - target = null ;
 - return "success" ;
 - }
 - @Override
 - public void registerDestructionCallback(String name, Runnable callback) {
 - }
 - @Override
 - public Object resolveContextualObject(String key) {
 - return null;
 - }
 - @Override
 - public String getConversationId() {
 - return null;
 - }
 - }
 
注冊Scope
- @Component
 - public class CustomScopeRegistryPostProcessor implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor {
 - @Override
 - public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
 - beanFactory.registerScope("custom", new CustomScope()) ;
 - }
 - @Override
 - public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException {
 - }
 - }
 
使用Scope
- @Component
 - @Scope("custom")
 - public class ApplyScopeBean {
 - }
 
示例
- @RestController
 - @RequestMapping("/refresh")
 - @Scope(value = ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
 - public class RefreshController implements ApplicationContextAware{
 - @Resource
 - private ApplyScopeBean scopeBean ;
 - @Resource
 - private CustomScope customScope ;
 - @GetMapping("/custom")
 - public String custom() {
 - return scopeBean.getCustom() ;
 - }
 - @GetMapping("/remove")
 - public Object remove() {
 - return customScope.remove("applyScopeBean") ;
 - }
 - }
 
這里將Controller設(shè)置為多例,以便查看效果。交替執(zhí)行上面的接口,只要刪除了就會創(chuàng)建新的實例。
3 多例注入
如果一個Bean 設(shè)置了@Scope(value =
ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE) 當這個Bean需要在一個單例Bean中被注入時,需要如下配置才可
- @Component
 - @Scope(value = ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE, proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS)
 - public class ApplyScopeBean {
 - }
 
這樣才能正確地注入Bean,否則因為本身使用者是單例的,屬性只會被初始化一次。也可以在每次使用前調(diào)用BeanFactory#getBean()。















 
 
 









 
 
 
 