如何使用 Go 讀取和寫入 Excel (XLSX) 文件
譯文【51CTO.com快譯】Excelize 是一個(gè)純 Go 編寫的庫(kù),提供一組函數(shù),允許寫入和讀取 XLSX / XLSM / XLTM / XLTX 文件。支持讀取和寫入 Microsoft Excel™ 2007 及更高版本生成的電子表格文檔。通過高兼容性支持復(fù)雜組件,并提供流式API,用于從包含大量數(shù)據(jù)的工作表中生成或讀取數(shù)據(jù)。這個(gè)庫(kù)需要 Go 1.15 或更高版本才可以。完整的API文檔可以使用go的內(nèi)置文檔工具查看,也可以在線訪問go.dev和docs reference。
• GitHub。
• 文件。
安裝
- go get github.com/xuri/excelize/v2
 
創(chuàng)建一個(gè) XLSX 文件
下面是創(chuàng)建 XLSX 文件的一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單示例:
- package main
 - import (
 - "fmt"
 - "github.com/xuri/excelize/v2"
 - )
 - func main() {
 - f := excelize.NewFile()
 - // Create a new sheet.
 - index := f.NewSheet("Sheet2")
 - // Set value of a cell.
 - f.SetCellValue("Sheet2", "A2", "Hello world.")
 - f.SetCellValue("Sheet1", "B2", 100)
 - // Set active sheet of the workbook.
 - f.SetActiveSheet(index)
 - // Save spreadsheet by the given path.
 - if err := f.SaveAs("Book1.xlsx"); err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - }
 - }
 
讀取 XLSX 文件
以下是讀取 XLSX 文件所需的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn):
- package main
 - import (
 - "fmt"
 - "github.com/xuri/excelize/v2"
 - )
 - func main() {
 - f, err := excelize.OpenFile("Book1.xlsx")
 - if err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - return
 - }
 - // Get value from cell by given worksheet name and axis.
 - cell, err := f.GetCellValue("Sheet1", "B2")
 - if err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - return
 - }
 - fmt.Println(cell)
 - // Get all the rows in the Sheet1.
 - rows, err := f.GetRows("Sheet1")
 - if err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - return
 - }
 - for _, row := range rows {
 - for _, colCell := range row {
 - fmt.Print(colCell, "\t")
 - }
 - fmt.Println()
 - }
 - }
 
將圖表添加到 XLSX 文件
使用 Excelize,只需幾行代碼即可實(shí)現(xiàn)圖表生成和管理。可以根據(jù)工作表中的數(shù)據(jù)生成圖表,也可以在工作表中不包含任何數(shù)據(jù)的情況下生成圖表。
將圖表添加到 Excel 文檔
- package main
 - import (
 - "fmt"
 - "github.com/xuri/excelize/v2"
 - )
 - func main() {
 - categories := map[string]string{
 - "A2": "Small", "A3": "Normal", "A4": "Large",
 - "B1": "Apple", "C1": "Orange", "D1": "Pear"}
 - values := map[string]int{
 - "B2": 2, "C2": 3, "D2": 3, "B3": 5, "C3": 2, "D3": 4, "B4": 6, "C4": 7, "D4": 8}
 - f := excelize.NewFile()
 - for k, v := range categories {
 - f.SetCellValue("Sheet1", k, v)
 - }
 - for k, v := range values {
 - f.SetCellValue("Sheet1", k, v)
 - }
 - if err := f.AddChart("Sheet1", "E1", `{
 - "type": "col3DClustered",
 - "series": [
 - {
 - "name": "Sheet1!$A$2",
 - "categories": "Sheet1!$B$1:$D$1",
 - "values": "Sheet1!$B$2:$D$2"
 - },
 - {
 - "name": "Sheet1!$A$3",
 - "categories": "Sheet1!$B$1:$D$1",
 - "values": "Sheet1!$B$3:$D$3"
 - },
 - {
 - "name": "Sheet1!$A$4",
 - "categories": "Sheet1!$B$1:$D$1",
 - "values": "Sheet1!$B$4:$D$4"
 - }],
 - "title":
 - {
 - "name": "Fruit 3D Clustered Column Chart"
 - }
 - }`); err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - return
 - }
 - // Save spreadsheet by the given path.
 - if err := f.SaveAs("Book1.xlsx"); err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - }
 - }
 
將圖片添加到 XLSX 文件中
- package main
 - import (
 - "fmt"
 - _ "image/gif"
 - _ "image/jpeg"
 - _ "image/png"
 - "github.com/xuri/excelize/v2"
 - )
 - func main() {
 - f, err := excelize.OpenFile("Book1.xlsx")
 - if err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - return
 - }
 - // Insert a picture.
 - if err := f.AddPicture("Sheet1", "A2", "image.png", ""); err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - }
 - // Insert a picture to worksheet with scaling.
 - if err := f.AddPicture("Sheet1", "D2", "image.jpg",
 - `{"x_scale": 0.5, "y_scale": 0.5}`); err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - }
 - // Insert a picture offset in the cell with printing support.
 - if err := f.AddPicture("Sheet1", "H2", "image.gif", `{
 - "x_offset": 15,
 - "y_offset": 10,
 - "print_obj": true,
 - "lock_aspect_ratio": false,
 - "locked": false
 - }`); err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - }
 - // Save the spreadsheet with the origin path.
 - if err = f.Save(); err != nil {
 - fmt.Println(err)
 - }
 - }
 
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