【譯】React代碼整潔之道
整潔的代碼不僅僅是正常運行的代碼,更是要求易于閱讀、簡單易懂、組織整齊。
在本文中,我們將研究八種代碼整潔之道。
在閱讀這些建議時,要記住這些只是建議!如果你不同意它們中的任何一個,那也完全沒關系。
以下這些實踐,個人覺得對我自己編寫 React 代碼很有幫助。
讓我們開始吧!
1. 僅對一個條件進行渲染
如果需要在條件為 true 時渲染某些內(nèi)容,而在條件為 false 時不渲染任何內(nèi)容,不要使 三元表達式,請改用 &&。
🙅♂️ 不推薦示例:
- import React, { useState } from 'react'
 - export const ConditionalRenderingWhenTrueBad = () => {
 - const [showConditionalText, setShowConditionalText] = useState(false)
 - const handleClick = () =>
 - setShowConditionalText(showConditionalText => !showConditionalText)
 - return (
 - <div>
 - <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button>
 - {/* 三元表達式 */}
 - {showConditionalText ? <p>條件為 True!</p> : null}
 - </div>
 - )
 - }
 
👍 推薦示例:
- import React, { useState } from 'react'
 - export const ConditionalRenderingWhenTrueGood = () => {
 - const [showConditionalText, setShowConditionalText] = useState(false)
 - const handleClick = () =>
 - setShowConditionalText(showConditionalText => !showConditionalText)
 - return (
 - <div>
 - <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button>
 - {showConditionalText && <p>條件為 True!</p>}
 - </div>
 - )
 - }
 
2. 每一個條件都進行渲染
如果需要在條件為 true 時渲染某些內(nèi)容,而在條件為 false 時渲染其他內(nèi)容。使用三元表達式!
🙅♂️ 不推薦的示例:
- import React, { useState } from 'react'
 - export const ConditionalRenderingBad = () => {
 - const [showConditionOneText, setShowConditionOneText] = useState(false)
 - const handleClick = () =>
 - setShowConditionOneText(showConditionOneText => !showConditionOneText)
 - return (
 - <div>
 - <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button>
 - {/* 條件 True 和 False 都要渲染內(nèi)容 */}
 - {showConditionOneText && <p>條件為 True!</p>}
 - {!showConditionOneText && <p>條件為 Flase!</p>}
 - </div>
 - )
 - }
 
👍 推薦示例:
- import React, { useState } from 'react'
 - export const ConditionalRenderingGood = () => {
 - const [showConditionOneText, setShowConditionOneText] = useState(false)
 - const handleClick = () =>
 - setShowConditionOneText(showConditionOneText => !showConditionOneText)
 - return (
 - <div>
 - <button onClick={handleClick}>Toggle the text</button>
 - {showConditionOneText ? (
 - <p>The condition must be true!</p>
 - ) : (
 - <p>The condition must be false!</p>
 - )}
 - </div>
 - )
 - }
 
3. Boolean props
Props 值為 true 的推薦省略不寫。
🙅♂️ 不推薦示例:
- import React from 'react'
 - const HungryMessage = ({ isHungry }) => (
 - <span>{isHungry ? 'I am hungry' : 'I am full'}</span>
 - )
 - export const BooleanPropBad = () => (
 - <div>
 - <span>
 - <b>This person is hungry: </b>
 - </span>
 - <HungryMessage isHungry={true} />
 - <br />
 - <span>
 - <b>This person is full: </b>
 - </span>
 - <HungryMessage isHungry={false} />
 - </div>
 - )
 
👍 推薦示例:
- import React from 'react'
 - const HungryMessage = ({ isHungry }) => (
 - <span>{isHungry ? 'I am hungry' : 'I am full'}</span>
 - )
 - export const BooleanPropGood = () => (
 - <div>
 - <span>
 - <b>This person is hungry: </b>
 - </span>
 - {/* 不需要賦值 true,省略 */}
 - <HungryMessage isHungry />
 - <br />
 - <span>
 - <b>This person is full: </b>
 - </span>
 - <HungryMessage isHungry={false} />
 - </div>
 - )
 
4. String props
Props 值為 String, 使用雙引號,不使用花括號或反引號。
🙅♂️ 不推薦示例:
- import React from 'react'
 - const Greeting = ({ personName }) => <p>Hi, {personName}!</p>
 - export const StringPropValuesBad = () => (
 - <div>
 - <Greeting personName={"John"} />
 - <Greeting personName={'Matt'} />
 - <Greeting personName={`Paul`} />
 - </div>
 - )
 
👍 推薦示例:
- import React from 'react'
 - const Greeting = ({ personName }) => <p>Hi, {personName}!</p>
 - export const StringPropValuesGood = () => (
 - <div>
 - <Greeting personName="John" />
 - <Greeting personName="Matt" />
 - <Greeting personName="Paul" />
 - </div>
 - )
 
5. Event handler functions
如果一個事件函數(shù)只接受一個參數(shù),不需要傳入匿名函數(shù):onChange={e=>handleChange(e)},推薦這種寫法:onChange={handleChange} 。
🙅♂️ 不推薦示例:
- import React, { useState } from 'react'
 - export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionsBad = () => {
 - const [inputValue, setInputValue] = useState('')
 - const handleChange = e => {
 - setInputValue(e.target.value)
 - }
 - return (
 - <>
 - <label htmlFor="name">Name: </label>
 - {/* 事件只有一個參數(shù),不需要匿名函數(shù)*/}
 - <input id="name" value={inputValue} onChange={e => handleChange(e)} />
 - </>
 - )
 - }
 
👍 推薦示例:
- import React, { useState } from 'react'
 - export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionsGood = () => {
 - const [inputValue, setInputValue] = useState('')
 - const handleChange = e => {
 - setInputValue(e.target.value)
 - }
 - return (
 - <>
 - <label htmlFor="name">Name: </label>
 - <input id="name" value={inputValue} onChange={handleChange} />
 - </>
 - )
 - }
 
6. components as props
將組件作為參數(shù)傳遞給另一個組件時,如果該組件不接受任何參數(shù),則無需將該傳遞的組件包裝在函數(shù)中。
🙅♂️ 不推薦示例:
- import React from 'react'
 - const CircleIcon = () => (
 - <svg height="100" width="100">
 - <circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" stroke="black" stroke-width="3" fill="red" />
 - </svg>
 - )
 - const ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon = ({ IconComponent }) => (
 - <div>
 - <p>Below is the icon component prop I was given:</p>
 - <IconComponent />
 - </div>
 - )
 - export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionComponentsBad = () => (
 - {/* 組件不需要包裝在函數(shù)中 */}
 - <ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon IconComponent={() => <CircleIcon />} />
 - )
 
👍 推薦示例:
- import React from 'react'
 - const CircleIcon = () => (
 - <svg height="100" width="100">
 - <circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" stroke="black" stroke-width="3" fill="red" />
 - </svg>
 - )
 - const ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon = ({ IconComponent }) => (
 - <div>
 - <p>Below is the icon component prop I was given:</p>
 - <IconComponent />
 - </div>
 - )
 - export const UnnecessaryAnonymousFunctionComponentsGood = () => (
 - <ComponentThatAcceptsAnIcon IconComponent={CircleIcon} />
 - )
 
7. undefined props
如果參數(shù)為 undefined 是允許的,那么不要提供 undefined 作為回退值。
🙅♂️ 不推薦示例:
- import React from 'react'
 - const ButtonOne = ({ handleClick }) => (
 - <button onClick={handleClick || undefined}>Click me</button>
 - )
 - const ButtonTwo = ({ handleClick }) => {
 - const noop = () => {}
 - return <button onClick={handleClick || noop}>Click me</button>
 - }
 - export const UndefinedPropsBad = () => (
 - <div>
 - <ButtonOne />
 - <ButtonOne handleClick={() => alert('Clicked!')} />
 - <ButtonTwo />
 - <ButtonTwo handleClick={() => alert('Clicked!')} />
 - </div>
 - )
 
👍 推薦示例:
- import React from 'react'
 - const ButtonOne = ({ handleClick }) => (
 - <button onClick={handleClick}>Click me</button>
 - )
 - export const UndefinedPropsGood = () => (
 - <div>
 - <ButtonOne />
 - <ButtonOne handleClick={() => alert('Clicked!')} />
 - </div>
 - )
 
8. 設置 state 依賴先前的 state
如果新 state 依賴于先前 state,則始終將 state 設置為先前 state 的函數(shù)??梢耘幚?React 狀態(tài)更新。
🙅♂️ 不推薦示例:
- import React, { useState } from 'react'
 - export const PreviousStateBad = () => {
 - const [isDisabled, setIsDisabled] = useState(false)
 - const toggleButton = () => setIsDisabled(!isDisabled)
 - const toggleButton2Times = () => {
 - for (let i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
 - toggleButton()
 - }
 - }
 - return (
 - <div>
 - <button disabled={isDisabled}>
 - I'm {isDisabled ? 'disabled' : 'enabled'}
 - </button>
 - <button onClick={toggleButton}>Toggle button state</button>
 - <button onClick={toggleButton2Times}>Toggle button state 2 times</button>
 - </div>
 - )
 - }
 
👍 推薦示例:
- import React, { useState } from 'react'
 - export const PreviousStateGood = () => {
 - const [isDisabled, setIsDisabled] = useState(false)
 - {/* 推薦設置為函數(shù) */}
 - const toggleButton = () => setIsDisabled(isDisabled => !isDisabled)
 - const toggleButton2Times = () => {
 - for (let i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
 - toggleButton()
 - }
 - }
 - return (
 - <div>
 - <button disabled={isDisabled}>
 - I'm {isDisabled ? 'disabled' : 'enabled'}
 - </button>
 - <button onClick={toggleButton}>Toggle button state</button>
 - <button onClick={toggleButton2Times}>Toggle button state 2 times</button>
 - </div>
 - )
 - }
 
以上就是我推薦的幾個寫出整潔的 React 代碼的實踐。
最后,恭喜你讀完了本文,歡迎留言交流~
原文地址:https://dev.to/thawkin3/react-clean-code-simple-ways-to-write-better-and-cleaner-code-2loa
翻譯/潤色:ViktorHub
















 
 
 



 
 
 
 