Silverlight Socket通信學(xué)習(xí)筆記
作者：Mr|Right
之前說到和地圖結(jié)合，所以本文的后續(xù)工作將會(huì)把Silverlight的Socket通信與ArcGIS 的地圖結(jié)合，來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)小小的功能，而本篇?jiǎng)t主要關(guān)于Socket的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程。下面就進(jìn)入正題吧。
之前因?yàn)轫?xiàng)目的關(guān)系，涉及到與服務(wù)器實(shí)時(shí)通信，比如通過GPRS將GPS的位置信息等信息發(fā)送到服務(wù)器，然后再轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給Silverlight應(yīng)用程序，最后在地圖上標(biāo)示出實(shí)時(shí)的地理位置，查了查相關(guān)的資料，網(wǎng)上給出的比較好的方法就是利用Socket與服務(wù)器通信。于是這兩天看了看Silverlight下的Socket通信，在此將學(xué)習(xí)的心得和實(shí)現(xiàn)過程作一個(gè)記錄，以供相互學(xué)習(xí)和交流。
園子里關(guān)于這方面的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)有很多大神寫過了，這里小小的推薦一下：
http://www.cnblogs.com/webabcd/archive/2008/12/22/1359551.html
因此本文的重點(diǎn)知識(shí)說一下具體實(shí)現(xiàn)的過程，細(xì)節(jié)和原理性的東西不會(huì)太多，因?yàn)楸救艘彩切率?，所以就不賣弄了。之前說到和地圖結(jié)合，所以本文的后續(xù)工作將會(huì)把Silverlight的Socket通信與ArcGIS 的地圖結(jié)合，來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)小小的功能，而本篇?jiǎng)t主要關(guān)于Socket的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程。下面就進(jìn)入正題吧。
一.Silverlight的Socket通信和控制臺(tái)、WinForm下的Socket通信有很大的區(qū)別。
對(duì)于后兩者的Socket通信，其過程就是開啟端口，綁定端口，監(jiān)聽端口，連接，接收數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)。
而在Silverlight中則不太一樣，在Silverlight中，首先是Silverlight客戶端自動(dòng)向943端口的服務(wù)器端發(fā)送一個(gè)“<policy-file-request/>”的語(yǔ)句請(qǐng)求，然后服務(wù)器端向客戶端發(fā)送策略文件：
clientaccesspolicy.xml，例如：
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
- <access-policy>
- <cross-domain-access>
- <policy>
- <allow-from>
- <domain uri="*"/>
- </allow-from>
- <grant-to>
- <socket-resource port="4502-4534" protocol="tcp"/>
- </grant-to>
- </policy>
- </cross-domain-access>
- </access-policy>
發(fā)送之后，才允許和服務(wù)器進(jìn)行Socket通信，之后的過程則都是一樣。
二、服務(wù)器端
2.1、Silverligh中發(fā)送策略文件服務(wù)
上面說到，Silverlight中，服務(wù)器端會(huì)向客戶端發(fā)送策略文件，然后才能開始Socket通信，下面給出服務(wù)器端的發(fā)送策略文件服務(wù)的代碼，該代碼是在網(wǎng)上找的，是別人已經(jīng)寫好的一個(gè)類，所以在編寫Silverlight 的Socket通信程序時(shí)，只要添加這個(gè)類就好了，代碼如下：
- using System;
- using System.Net.Sockets;
- using System.Net;
- using System.Threading;
- using System.IO;
- using System.Windows.Forms;
- namespace WindowsServer
- {
- class PolicySocketServer
- {
- TcpListener _Listener = null;
- TcpClient _Client = null;
- static ManualResetEvent _TcpClientConnected = new ManualResetEvent(false);
- const string _PolicyRequestString = "<policy-file-request/>";
- int _ReceivedLength = 0;
- byte[] _Policy = null;
- byte[] _ReceiveBuffer = null;
- private void InitializeData()
- {
- string policyFile = Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, "clientaccesspolicy.xml");
- using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(policyFile, FileMode.Open))
- {
- _Policy = new byte[fs.Length];
- fs.Read(_Policy, 0, _Policy.Length);
- }
- _ReceiveBuffer = new byte[_PolicyRequestString.Length];
- }
- public void StartSocketServer()
- {
- InitializeData();
- try
- {
- _Listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, 943);
- _Listener.Start();
- while (true)
- {
- _TcpClientConnected.Reset();
- _Listener.BeginAcceptTcpClient(new AsyncCallback(OnBeginAccept), null);
- _TcpClientConnected.WaitOne();
- }
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- }
- }
- private void OnBeginAccept(IAsyncResult ar)
- {
- _Client = _Listener.EndAcceptTcpClient(ar);
- _Client.Client.BeginReceive(_ReceiveBuffer, 0, _PolicyRequestString.Length, SocketFlags.None,
- new AsyncCallback(OnReceiveComplete), null);
- }
- private void OnReceiveComplete(IAsyncResult ar)
- {
- try
- {
- _ReceivedLength += _Client.Client.EndReceive(ar);
- if (_ReceivedLength < _PolicyRequestString.Length)
- {
- _Client.Client.BeginReceive(_ReceiveBuffer, _ReceivedLength,
- _PolicyRequestString.Length - _ReceivedLength,
- SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(OnReceiveComplete), null);
- return;
- }
- string request = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(_ReceiveBuffer, 0, _ReceivedLength);
- if (StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase.Compare(request, _PolicyRequestString) != 0)
- {
- _Client.Client.Close();
- return;
- }
- _Client.Client.BeginSend(_Policy, 0, _Policy.Length, SocketFlags.None,
- new AsyncCallback(OnSendComplete), null);
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- _Client.Client.Close();
- }
- _ReceivedLength = 0;
- _TcpClientConnected.Set(); //Allow waiting thread to proceed
- }
- private void OnSendComplete(IAsyncResult ar)
- {
- try
- {
- _Client.Client.EndSendFile(ar);
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- }
- finally
- {
- _Client.Client.Close();
- }
- }
- }
- }
2.2、啟動(dòng)策略文件服務(wù)，聲明Socket，監(jiān)聽端口，接收數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)。
啟動(dòng)策略文件服務(wù)
- #region Start The Policy Server 驗(yàn)證策略文件
- PolicySocketServer StartPolicyServer = new PolicySocketServer();
- Thread th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(StartPolicyServer.StartSocketServer));
- th.IsBackground = true;
- th.Start();
- #endregion
聲明Socket，綁定端口，開始監(jiān)聽
- private void StartButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
- {//創(chuàng)建Socket
- listener = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
- //獲取主機(jī)信息
- IPHostEntry ipHostInfo = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName());
- //把IP和端口轉(zhuǎn)換化為IPEndPoint實(shí)例,端口號(hào)取4530
- //Win7 中開啟了IPV6的地址，因此0,1對(duì)應(yīng)的是IPV6的地址，2，3對(duì)應(yīng)IPV4地址，3對(duì)應(yīng)本機(jī)的IP地址
- //XP中沒有開啟IPV6
- HostIPTextBox.Text = ipHostInfo.AddressList[3].ToString();
- if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PortTextBox.Text))
- {
- //獲取端口號(hào)
- int port = Convert.ToInt32(PortTextBox.Text.Trim());
- //獲得本機(jī)的IP地址
- localEP = new IPEndPoint(ipHostInfo.AddressList[3], port);
- }
- else
- {
- //默認(rèn)4530端口
- ipAddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");
- localEP = new IPEndPoint(ipHostInfo.AddressList[3], 4530);
- }
- try
- {
- //綁定指定的終結(jié)點(diǎn)
- listener.Bind(localEP);
- //開始監(jiān)聽
- listener.Listen(10);
- //一直循環(huán)接收客戶端的消息，開啟監(jiān)聽端口線程
- ThreadStart threadwatchStart = new ThreadStart(WatchConnecting);
- threadWatch = new Thread(threadwatchStart);
- threadWatch.IsBackground = true;
- threadWatch.Start();
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- MessageBox.Show(ex.Data.ToString());
- }
- }
連接端口，接收數(shù)據(jù)
- private void WatchConnecting()
- {
- ChangeStatue("等待Silverlight客戶端連接.....");
- while (true) //持續(xù)不斷監(jiān)聽客戶端發(fā)來(lái)的請(qǐng)求
- {
- listener.BeginAccept(AcceptCallBack, listener);
- _flipFlop.WaitOne();
- }
- }
- private void AcceptCallBack(IAsyncResult asyresult)
- {
- Socket listener = (Socket)asyresult.AsyncState;
- Socket socket = listener.EndAccept(asyresult);
- ChangeStatue("連接到Silverlight客戶端....");
- _flipFlop.Set();
- var state = new StateObject();
- state.Socket = socket;
- socket.BeginReceive(state.Buffer, 0, StateObject.BufferSize, 0, ReciverCallBack, state);
- }
- private void ReciverCallBack(IAsyncResult asyResult)
- {
- StateObject state = (StateObject)asyResult.AsyncState;
- Socket socket = state.Socket;
- int read = socket.EndReceive(asyResult);
- if (read > 0)
- {
- string chunk = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(state.Buffer, 0, read);
- state.StringBuilder.Append(chunk);
- if (state.StringBuilder.Length > 0)
- {
- string result = state.StringBuilder.ToString();
- ChangeStatue("成功接收到消息："+result);
- ChangeReciveText(result);
- Send(socket, SendTextBox.Text);
- AddListItems("接收消息："+result+"\n");
- AddListItems("發(fā)送消息：" + SendTextBox.Text + "\n");
- }
- }
- }
發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
- private void Send(Socket handler, String data)
- {
- byte[] byteData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
- handler.BeginSend(byteData, 0, byteData.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(SendCallBack), handler);
- }
- private void SendCallBack(IAsyncResult asyResult)
- {
- try
- {
- Socket handler = (Socket)asyResult.AsyncState;
- int byteSent = handler.EndSend(asyResult);
- if (byteSent > 0)
- {
- ChangeStatue("發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)成功！");
- }
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- MessageBox.Show(ex.Data.ToString());
- }
- }
StateObject類：
- public class StateObject
- {
- public Socket Socket;
- public StringBuilder StringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
- public const int BufferSize = 1024;
- public byte[] Buffer = new byte[BufferSize];
- public int TotalSize;
- }
客戶端：
和服務(wù)器端類似，客戶端的操作包括：聲明Socket，指定服務(wù)器地址和端口，連接到指定的服務(wù)器端口，發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，接收數(shù)據(jù)。
下面是具體的實(shí)現(xiàn)代碼：
聲明Socket
- private Socket socket;
指定服務(wù)器地址和端口，開始連接
- private void SendButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(IPTextBox.Text)||string.IsNullOrEmpty(PortTextBox.Text))
- {
- MessageBox.Show ("請(qǐng)輸入主機(jī)IP地址和端口號(hào)！");
- return;
- }
- //ip地址
- string host=IPTextBox.Text.Trim();
- //端口號(hào)
- int port=Convert.ToInt32(PortTextBox.Text.Trim());
- //建立終結(jié)點(diǎn)對(duì)象
- DnsEndPoint hostEntry=new DnsEndPoint(host,port);
- //創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Socket對(duì)象
- socket=new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);
- //創(chuàng)建Socket異步事件參數(shù)
- SocketAsyncEventArgs socketEventArg=new SocketAsyncEventArgs ();
- //將消息轉(zhuǎn)化為發(fā)送的byte[]格式
- byte[]buffer=Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(MessageTextBox.Text);
- //注冊(cè)Socket完成事件
- socketEventArg.Completed+=new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(socketEventArg_Completed);
- //設(shè)置Socket異步事件遠(yuǎn)程終結(jié)點(diǎn)
- socketEventArg.RemoteEndPoint=hostEntry;
- //將定義好的Socket對(duì)象賦值給Socket異步事件參數(shù)的運(yùn)行實(shí)例屬性
- socketEventArg.UserToken = buffer;
- try
- {
- socket.ConnectAsync(socketEventArg);
- }
- catch(SocketException ex)
- {
- throw new SocketException((int)ex.ErrorCode);
- }
- }
向服務(wù)器發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，并接受服務(wù)器回復(fù)的消息。
- private void socketEventArg_Completed(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
- {
- //檢查是否發(fā)送出錯(cuò)
- if (e.SocketError != SocketError.Success)
- {
- if (e.SocketError == SocketError.ConnectionAborted)
- {
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show("連接超時(shí)....請(qǐng)重試！"));
- }
- else if (e.SocketError == SocketError.ConnectionRefused)
- {
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show("無(wú)法連接到服務(wù)器端："+e.SocketError));
- }else
- {
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => MessageBox.Show("出錯(cuò)了！"+e.SocketError));
- }
- return;
- }
- //如果連接上，則發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
- if (e.LastOperation == SocketAsyncOperation.Connect)
- {
- byte[] userbytes = (byte[])e.UserToken;
- e.SetBuffer(userbytes, 0, userbytes.Length);
- socket.SendAsync(e);
- }//如果已發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，則開始接收服務(wù)器回復(fù)的消息
- else if (e.LastOperation == SocketAsyncOperation.Send)
- {
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
- {
- listBox1.Items.Add("客戶端在" + DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString() + "，發(fā)送消息：" + MessageTextBox.Text);
- });
- byte[] userbytes = new byte[1024];
- e.SetBuffer(userbytes, 0, userbytes.Length);
- socket.ReceiveAsync(e);
- }//接收服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)
- else if (e.LastOperation == SocketAsyncOperation.Receive)
- {
- string RecevieStr = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(e.Buffer, 0, e.Buffer.Length).Replace("\0", "");
- Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
- {
- listBox1.Items.Add("服務(wù)器在" + DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString() + "，回復(fù)消息：" + RecevieStr);
- });
- socket.Close();
- }
- }
xaml代碼：
- <UserControl
- xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
- xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
- xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
- xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
- xmlns:esri="http://schemas.esri.com/arcgis/client/2009" x:Class="SilverlightSocket.MainPage"
- mc:Ignorable="d"
- d:DesignHeight="417" d:DesignWidth="530">
- <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White">
- <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <ColumnDefinition Width="0.868*"/>
- <ColumnDefinition Width="0.135*"/>
- </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <RowDefinition/>
- </Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <esri:Map Background="White" WrapAround="True" Grid.ColumnSpan="2">
- <esri:ArcGISTiledMapServiceLayer Url="http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Street_Map/MapServer"/>
- </esri:Map>
- <StackPanel Grid.Column="1" Background="#7F094870">
- <StackPanel.Effect>
- <DropShadowEffect/>
- </StackPanel.Effect>
- <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock1" Text="主機(jī)IP" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" />
- <TextBox x:Name="IPTextBox" Text="169.254.57.67" Grid.Column="1" d:LayoutOverrides="Width" Margin="5,5,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
- <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock2" Text="端口號(hào)" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" />
- <TextBox x:Name="PortTextBox" Width="51" Text="4530" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
- <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock4" Text="消息記錄：" Height="23" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" />
- <ListBox x:Name="listBox1" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" Height="150" />
- <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock3" Text="發(fā)送信息內(nèi)容" Height="16" Grid.Column="1" d:LayoutOverrides="Width" Margin="5,5,0,0" Foreground="#FFE7D4E3" FontWeight="Bold" />
- <TextBox x:Name="MessageTextBox" Grid.Column="1" Height="50" Margin="5,5,0,0" />
- <Button Content="發(fā)送" Height="23" x:Name="SendButton" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" />
- <Button Content="清空" Height="23" x:Name="ClearButton" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5,5,0,0" />
- </StackPanel>
- </Grid>
- </UserControl>
最后效果示意圖：
服務(wù)器端：
Silverlight客戶端：
后續(xù)工作中將結(jié)合地圖來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)模擬實(shí)時(shí)位置的顯示功能。。。。
原文鏈接：http://www.cnblogs.com/potential/archive/2013/01/23/2873035.html
責(zé)任編輯：張偉
來(lái)源：
博客園
