淺析ASP.NET清空緩存時遇到的問題
在網(wǎng)站中要做一個清理緩存的功能(也就是在緩存為到期之前就強制緩存過期),程序中有的地方使用的HttpRuntime.Cache來做的緩存,而和數(shù)據(jù)庫交互部分則使用ObjectDataSource提供的緩存機制。清理HttpRuntime.Cache的緩存很簡單,只要
- List<string> keys = new List<string>();
 - // retrieve application Cache enumerator
 - IDictionaryEnumerator enumerator = HttpRuntime.Cache.GetEnumerator();
 - // copy all keys that currently exist in Cache
 - while (enumerator.MoveNext())
 - {
 - keys.Add(enumerator.Key.ToString());
 - }
 - // delete every key from cache
 - for (int i = 0; i < keys.Count; i++)
 - {
 - HttpRuntime.Cache.Remove(keys[i]);
 - }
 
就可以了。
本以為ObjectDataSource等數(shù)據(jù)源的緩存也是保存在HttpRuntime.Cache中,經(jīng)過測試沒想到竟然不是,因為執(zhí)行上面的代碼以后ObjectDataSource仍然是從緩存讀取數(shù)據(jù)。
使用Reflector反編譯發(fā)現(xiàn)ObjectDataSource是使用HttpRuntime.CacheInternal來實現(xiàn)的緩存,氣氛呀,為什么微軟總愛搞“特殊化”,對外提供一個Cache用,自己偷偷用CacheInternal做緩存。CacheInternal是internal的,因此沒法直接寫代碼調(diào)用,同時CacheInternal中也沒提供清空緩存的方法,只能通過實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)_caches._entries是保存緩存的Hashtable,因此就用反射的方法調(diào)用CacheInternal,然后拿到_caches._entries,***clear才算ok。
最終代碼如下:
- //HttpRuntime下的CacheInternal屬性(Internal的,內(nèi)存中是CacheMulti類型)是
 - ObjectDataSource等DataSource保存緩存的管理器
 - //因為CacheInternal、_caches、_entries等都是internal或者private的,
 - 所以只能通過反射調(diào)用,而且可能會隨著.Net升級而失效
 - object cacheIntern = CommonHelper.GetPropertyValue(typeof(HttpRuntime), "CacheInternal") as IEnumerable;
 - //_caches是CacheMulti中保存多CacheSingle的一個IEnumerable字段。
 - IEnumerable _caches = CommonHelper.GetFieldValue(cacheIntern, "_caches") as IEnumerable;
 - foreach (object cacheSingle in _caches)
 - {
 - ClearCacheInternal(cacheSingle);
 - }
 - private static void ClearCacheInternal(object cacheSingle)
 - {
 - //_entries是cacheSingle中保存緩存數(shù)據(jù)的一個private Hashtable
 - Hashtable _entries = CommonHelper.GetFieldValue(cacheSingle, "_entries") as Hashtable;
 - _entries.Clear();
 - }
 - mary>
 - /// 得到type類型的靜態(tài)屬性propertyName的值
 - /// </summary>
 - /// <param name="type"></param>
 - /// <param name="propertyName"></param>
 - /// <returns></returns>
 - public static object GetPropertyValue(Type type, string propertyName)
 - {
 - foreach (PropertyInfo rInfo in type.GetProperties
 - (BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance))
 - {
 - if (rInfo.Name == propertyName)
 - {
 - return rInfo.GetValue(null, new object[0]);
 - }
 - }
 - throw new Exception("無法找到屬性:" + propertyName);
 - }
 - /// <summary>
 - /// 得到object對象的propertyName屬性的值
 - /// </summary>
 - /// <param name="obj"></param>
 - /// <param name="propertyName"></param>
 - /// <returns></returns>
 - public static object GetPropertyValue(object obj, string propertyName)
 - {
 - Type type = obj.GetType();
 - foreach (PropertyInfo rInfo in type.GetProperties
 - (BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance))
 - {
 - if (rInfo.Name == propertyName)
 - {
 - return rInfo.GetValue(obj, new object[0]);
 - }
 - }
 - throw new Exception("無法找到屬性:" + propertyName);
 - }
 - public static object GetFieldValue(object obj, string fieldName)
 - {
 - Type type = obj.GetType();
 - foreach (FieldInfo rInfo in type.GetFields
 - (BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance))
 - {
 - if (rInfo.Name == fieldName)
 - {
 - return rInfo.GetValue(obj);
 - }
 - }
 - throw new Exception("無法找到字段:" + fieldName);
 - }
 
上面方法由于是通過crack的方法進行調(diào)用,可能有潛在的問題,因此僅供參考。
在google上搜索到另外一篇文章 http://www.msdnkk.hu/Articles/Clear_OutputCache-Minden_oldal_torlese ,由于是匈牙利文的,也看不懂在說什么,不過主干是代碼,看他代碼的思路和我一樣,貼過來也供參考
- private void clearOutputCache()
 - {
 - Type ct = this.Cache.GetType();
 - FieldInfo cif = ct.GetField( "_cacheInternal", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance );
 - Type cmt = Cache.GetType().Assembly.GetType( "System.Web.Caching.CacheMultiple" );
 - Type cachekeyType = Cache.GetType().Assembly.GetType( "System.Web.Caching.CacheKey" );
 - FieldInfo cachesfield = cmt.GetField( "_caches", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance );
 - object cacheInternal = cif.GetValue( this.Cache );
 - object caches = cachesfield.GetValue( cacheInternal );
 - Type arrayType = typeof( Array );
 - MethodInfo arrayGetter = arrayType.GetMethod( "GetValue", new Type[] { typeof( int ) } );
 - object cacheSingle = arrayGetter.Invoke( caches, new object[] { 1 } );
 - FieldInfo entriesField = cacheSingle.GetType().GetField( "_entries", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic );
 - Hashtable entries = (Hashtable) entriesField.GetValue( cacheSingle );
 - List<object> keys = new List<object>();
 - foreach( object o in entries.Keys )
 - {
 - keys.Add( o );
 - }
 - MethodInfo remove = cacheInternal.GetType().GetMethod( "Remove", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance, null,
 - new Type[] { cachekeyType, typeof( CacheItemRemovedReason ) }, null );
 - foreach( object key in keys )
 - {
 - remove.Invoke( cacheInternal, new object[] { key, CacheItemRemovedReason.Removed } );
 - }
 - }
 
原文標(biāo)題:清除ASP.Net緩存
鏈接:http://www.cnblogs.com/rupeng/archive/2010/08/05/1793499.html
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